How to read this
This is a descriptive map, not a verdict. Each endpoint is presented as its own adherents would state it, with the traditions that
affirm it, those that
reject it (and the councils or synods where they did so — condemnations run in every direction), and the era it arose. Three things are flagged specially: positions that are
internally incoherent (they cannot hold together, whoever holds them), positions
broadly rejected across the historic traditions, and
modern innovations that depart from the older consensus. Where the ancient churches genuinely disagree, no single answer is marked wrong.
confessional tradition
school within a tradition
minority / technical view
internally incoherent
modern / at odds with historic consensus
broadly rejected across traditions